Anthropometry in Forensic Skeletal Analysis: A Critical Review of Its Role in Human Identification

The analysis of skeletal remains is a cornerstone of forensic anthropology, enabling the estimation of biological profiles, reconstruction of traumatic events, and identification of individuals. Anthropometry, the science of human body measurement, is a fundamental tool in this process, providing quantitative data on skeletal morphology. The application of anthropometric methods has evolved significantly, incorporating advanced technologies such as 3D scanning, computed tomography (CT), and geometric morphometrics. These advancements have enhanced the accuracy and precision of skeletal analysis, facilitating the resolution of complex forensic cases. However, challenges persist, including the need for standardization, validation of novel methods, and consideration of contextual factors influencing skeletal morphology. The review on “Anthropometry of Skeletal Remains” highlights the significance of skeletal analysis in forensic investigation, revealing that anthropometric methods play a crucial role in estimating biological profiles, reconstructing traumatic events, and identifying individuals. Skeletal trauma analysis involves examining fracture patterns, bone morphology, and microscopic features to determine cause and manner of death, while biological profile estimation utilizes anthropometric techniques to assess sex, age, stature, and ancestry from skeletal remains. However, challenges persist, including taphonomic changes, fragmentation, and commingling of remains, which can impact the accuracy and reliability of these methods. An interdisciplinary approach combining forensic anthropology and other fields can enhance the analysis and interpretation of skeletal remains, ultimately leading to more accurate identifications and reconstructions of past events. In conclusion, anthropometry of skeletal remains is a vital tool in forensic investigation, enabling the estimation of biological profiles and the identification of individuals. Despite challenges, advancements in technology and interdisciplinary approaches have improved accuracy and reliability. Continued research and development will further enhance the field’s contributions to justice and human identification.